Sugar Cane Varieties - SIA
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Sugar Cane Varieties
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B41227 Parentage: B35207 x POJ2878
Common Names: "Grey Hog" & "Jump out o' root"
B41227 can be recognised by its medium thick grey-green stalks which usually have cracks on the lower joints, dark red-brown collar and purplish leaf sheaths.
Brief Botanical Description
Stalks are yellowish-green turning greenish-grey with purple flushes when older. Internodes are of medium length but rather short toward the base of the stalk, cylindrical in shape, with a marked wax covering on the upper third and often with longitudinal cracks. Buds are round with a broad well-developed wing, the buds being medium sized, inserted near the leaf scar and just reaching but not extending beyond the growth ring. The leaves are of average length and width, mid-green with small irregular whitish patches toward the base. The collar is purplish-brown and auricles inconspicuous. The unexposed sheath is green, slightly waxy but becomes entirely purple with increasing age and exposure. B41227 could be confused with HJ5741 or B51415, but the bud of HJ5741 is larger and squarer and the leaves darker green with an orange collar. B51415 has thicker, yellower stalks, narrow erect leaves and very spiny leaf sheaths.
Agricultural Features
Germinates readily, tillers heavily and continuously and early growth is rapid and erect. It is not very free trashing and lodges heavily after about 30 t.c.a. Juice quality is moderate and B41227 ripens mid to late crop and after 12 months of growth. It stands over reasonably well but S/O crops tend to have poor juice because of late suckering. Adapted to wide range of soil and climatic conditions, but is best planted on heavy irrigated clays and in cooler uplands. On deep fertile loams and in high rainfall areas retarded ripening and poor juice quality limit its use. B41227 is a very strong ratooner and is moderately tolerant of salinity and drought. It rarely arrows. Resistant to smut, rust and mosaic. B41227 is a tough old cane which can withstand poor conditions. The main problem with this variety is managing it so as to obtain best juice quality.
Recommended for heavier soils in Irrigated St. Catherine/Clarendon area, the Central area, the hillside soils in Clarendon/St. Catherine, St. Elizabeth and Hanover. Also for limited use on difficult soils in high rainfall areas where sufficient tops of other disease resistant varieties are unavailable.
B51129 Parentage: B45170 x B41227
Common Names: "One two nine " & "Morris Red"
B51129 is recognised by dark red, thicker than average stalks, somewhat protuberant hemispherical buds, and large tops with very broad, dark green leaves.
Brief Botanical Description
B51129 is recognised by dark red, thicker than average stalks, somewhat protuberant hemispherical buds, and large tops with very broad, dark green leaves.
Brief Botanical Description
Stalks are reddish-purple when young with paler yellowish-green nodal area and heavy wax covering. Older stalks are a uniform dark red with no cork patches or splits. Internodes are cylindrical/convex and slightly curved with a zig-zag joint profile. The bud is ovate, pale green when young, turning dark brown with age. Leaves are very wide, erect when young, broadly arched when older, dark green in colour with irregular whitish patches near the collar. The collar is reddish-purple, waxy; auricles are absent. The sheath is green with red flushing and very few hairs. This variety is distinguished from other "red canes" by large dark green tops and leaves, and rather thick stalks.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germination is only satisfactory from immature 'tops' or good nursery material of less than 7 months of age. Early growth is erect and uniform and there is little or no late suckering. B51129 is free trashing with large attractive canes, lodging at over 35 t.c.a. The variety ratoons fairly well, but not through a heavy trash blanket or on heavy compacted soils. It responds well to extra N, up to 160 lbs/ac without deterioration in juice quality. Its yields and ratooning are enhanced by interrow cultivation. B51129 is intolerant of drought and salinity and very heavy soils. It is of above average juice quality throughout the crop and gives best response to cane ripeners. B51129 is resistant to smut, rust, mosaic and many important foreign diseases, such as leaf scald and Fiji disease.
Recommended for use on light to medium soils in high rainfall areas - Frome, Appleton, Holland, Bybrook/ Worthy Park, Gray's Inn and J.S.E. areas, also in the Irrigated areas with light soils and good non-saline water supplies.
Recommended for use on light to medium soils in high rainfall areas - Frome, Appleton, Holland, Bybrook/ Worthy Park, Gray's Inn and J.S.E. areas, also in the Irrigated areas with light soils and good non-saline water supplies.
B51410 Parentage: B35207 x POJ2878
Common Names:
B51410 is characterized by its very erect growth, purple leaf sheaths, yellowish-brown stalks and tendency to arrow heavily.
Brief Botanical Description
Very erect and uniform stalks of medium thickness, stools compact and upright and very resistant to lodging. Younger stalks are pale yellowish-green developing reddish-brown flushing and darker irregular brown patches with age and exposure. Internodes are generally smooth, with only light wax cover except at the narrow and very distinct wax band below the leaf scar. Internodes are conodial with distinct zig-zag joint profile. Buds are large, oblong/oval with large wings and fine adpressed hairs, bud colour is variable, usually yellowish with purple flush when young. Leaf blades are wide, arched and deep green in colour. The collar is purple and the sheaths pale green but sheaths quickly develop to a bright purple-red with exposure. The sheath bears sparse but very stiff hairs. Inner auricles tend to be broad and fairly conspicuous.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germination is satisfactory only from good quality, immature seed material. Growth is fairly rapid and tillering heavy and uniform but occasional late suckers are produced. Remains erect up to 60 t.c.a. Retains trash and burns very readily, well liked by cutters because of its erectness, large uniform stalks and good burning. Will grow well on all but poorly drained or saline soils. B51410 is fairly drought tolerant, it arrows heavily and therefore should be planted and reaped so that it is less than 8 months old by November. Juice quality is best mid-crop, deteriorating rapidly later in crop. Fertilization at more than 80 lbs N per acre depresses juice quality. Resistant to smut, rust and mosaic. Susceptible to chlorotic streaks.
Recommended for all areas except Central uplands (Worthy Park and U.E.) and saline areas. Its usefulness is limited by its narrow peak of juice quality and heavy flowering if planted or reaped too early.
Recommended for all areas except Central uplands (Worthy Park and U.E.) and saline areas. Its usefulness is limited by its narrow peak of juice quality and heavy flowering if planted or reaped too early.
B51415 Parentage: B35206 x POJ2878
Common Name: "Kasha Cane"
B51415 has thick greenish-yellow stalks with brown corky striations. The leaves are narrow, erect and pointed, with very hairy leaf sheaths.
Brief Botanical Description
The stalks are erect, uniform with long, cylindrical to convex, medium to thick internodes. Internodes are yellowish-green when young, turning darker green with brown corky patches and striations with age and exposure. Buds are round/pentagonal with a small wing, pale green in colour turning brown with age. Leaves are narrow, very erect and pointed, often folded inwards as if affected by drought. The collar is dark red-brown and covered with wax. Auricles are poorly developed; sheaths are pale green, waxy and covered with numerous and very conspicuous sharp spines.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Good germination obtained only from good quality nursery material or immature tops. Early growth and tillering somewhat slow and ground cover is poor because of the erect habit of the leaves. The stalks are erect, uniform, thick, solid, rather soft and fairly free trashing. Lodging occurs over 40 t.c.a. Spines on the sheath is a problem if reaped green. Juice quality can be very good, but does not hold in over mature cane or in late reaped crops. Adapted to light and medium soils with good water supply, but not to saline or very heavy clays and thin hillside lands. It is somewhat hardier than B51129 and a good ratooner. It almost never arrows. Resistant to smut, takes mild rust attack at certain periods but not serious enough to cause yield loss. Also takes ring spot and eye spot, which at a distance, may be mistaken for rust.
Recommended for alluvial soils in J.S.E., G.I.C. areas, Caymanas, U.E. and Worthy Park areas, lighter soils with good water supply on Bernard Lodge, Vere, Appleton, Holland, Frome and Barnett.
BJ5924 Parentage: CO421 x B4995
Common Name:
BJ5924 has a unique 'basket shaped' stooling habit. The stalks which grow out at an oblique angle from the ground have a pale green, spreading canopy of leaves.
Brief Botanical Description
BJ5924 has a unique 'basket shaped' stooling habit. The stalks which grow out at an oblique angle from the ground have a pale green, spreading canopy of leaves.
Brief Botanical Description
Stalks emerge from the ground at an oblique angle curving upwards as they elongate. Stalks are of medium thickness, pale yellow-green. Internodes are cylindrical, rather long and smooth with moderate wax covering which is more pronounced below the leaf scar. Buds are small to medium, oval, with wings extending upwards at the apex of the bud. There is no bud groove. Leaves of medium width, long and arched, paler green than most other varieties. The collar is pale yellow-green and the inner auricle conspicuous, sometimes folding at an angle across the sheath. The sheath is pale green with dense covering of rather inconspicuous hairs which are mostly on mid to upper third of sheath.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germination is rapid and reliable, growth and tillering rapid at first, tillering later restricted, stalks continue to elongate later in growth cycle than, for example, is the case with UCW5465. Because of the oblique growth habit it covers over very early and the foliage has a dense spreading appearance. The variety is fairly free trashing and does not lodge up to about 45 t.c.a. Juice quality is poor early in the crop and in cane less than 12 months old, but is as good as that of HJ5741 mid-to-late crop on the North Coast and comparable with B49119 on the irrigated south. It stands over well, with good juice quality in stand over crops. Arrows occasionally and sparsely, mostly in upland areas. It is adapted to a wide range of soils, but ratoons poorly on very thin soils, on heavy saline clays or when affected by severe drought. It is moderately resistant to smut, resistant to rust, may be susceptible to mosaic but resistant to most of the minor fungal leaf diseases.
Recommended for better soils in North Coast and medium soils on the irrigated plains and basin clays in upland areas. For planting mid-to-late crop and for fall plants.
Recommended for better soils in North Coast and medium soils on the irrigated plains and basin clays in upland areas. For planting mid-to-late crop and for fall plants.
BJ6183 Parentage: NCO330 Polycross
Common Name: "Anancy"
BJ6183 is recognised by erect, pale yellow-green stalks with short internodes, bulging nodes, small buds and rather pale green foliage.
Brief Botanical Description
Brief Botanical Description
Stalks erect, pale yellowish-green, with light wax bloom, of variable thickness but usually of medium thickness, in compact stools. Internodes are cylindrical/concave, yellow-cream where unexposed, greener where exposed and rather shorter than average. The nodal area, i.e. the growth ring, root band and leafscar area are of greater diameter than the internode. The bud is small, square, yellow-cream and flush with the stalk, being set in marked depression in the root band. A bud groove is present and is sometimes quite prominent. Leaves are long, of medium width, pale green; the collar is pale yellow with darker wax covering; the auricles small and inconspicuous; the sheath is pale green and covered with fine powdery wax. Hairs are present, but are very sparse on younger sheaths, falling off on older sheaths.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germinates readily, elongation is slow, particularly in plantcane, but tillering is very profuse and uniform giving the cane a short compact appearance. Stalks are dense, upright, non-brittle, not free trashing and fairly lodging-resistant. Juice quality is usually better than average throughout the season, arrowing has been observed but only in the very wet year. It is a good ratooner and is adapted to light to medium soils, but is intolerant of prolonged water stress, thin droughty soils or heavy saline clays. Responds to some cane ripeners on irrigated plains and elsewhere. It is of intermediate resistance to smut and resistant to rust and other common leaf diseases. It has not been tested for mosaic.
Recommended for light to medium soils wit adequate water supply in the irrigated plains, for the Bog Walk area and all high rainfall areas. BJ6183 should not however be planted in fields coming out of heavily smut-infected HJ5741. Nursery areas of BJ6183 should also be stool-rogued for smut. Is recommended for planting in fields which previously had B4362 or other non-smut susceptible varieties.
Recommended for light to medium soils wit adequate water supply in the irrigated plains, for the Bog Walk area and all high rainfall areas. BJ6183 should not however be planted in fields coming out of heavily smut-infected HJ5741. Nursery areas of BJ6183 should also be stool-rogued for smut. Is recommended for planting in fields which previously had B4362 or other non-smut susceptible varieties.
BJ6732 Parentage: B5650 x B51410
Common Name: "Bedward"
BJ6732 shows no very conspicuous botanical features by which it may be readily distinguished from other varieties, it is fairly free trashing with clean, greenish yellow stalks and mid-green, upright rather shiny leaves.
Brief Botanical Description
BJ6732 shows no very conspicuous botanical features by which it may be readily distinguished from other varieties, it is fairly free trashing with clean, greenish yellow stalks and mid-green, upright rather shiny leaves.
Brief Botanical Description
The stalks are fairly uniform yellow-green, burning to light orange on older exposed stalks. Internodes are cylindrical to slightly curved. The joint profile is slightly zig-zag. Buds are medium sized, ovate, with prominent encircling wings. There is a slight bud groove marked occasionally by a linear cork patch. The leaves are of medium width, held erect but drooping at the tips and have a rather stiff and shining appearance. The collar is pale green, sometimes with a purple margin when young. Auricles are variable but usually rather small and inconspicuous. The sheaths are pale green, waxy with very sparse hairs which disappear from older sheaths.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germinates is very good with early growth just slightly less rapid than that of UCW5465. The stalks have higher than average fibre and therefore resist lodging even at high yields. because its leaves are erect, ground cover is slow. There is some amount of late tillering which results in lower than average juice quality, i.e. about equivalent to that of B41227. It is highly resistant to smut and rust, but has a limited range of adaptation doing best on neutral to alkaline clays.
Recommended for clay soils in irrigated areas where good drying off is possible. Fairly erect habit and free trashing make it suitable for green-harvest.
Recommended for clay soils in irrigated areas where good drying off is possible. Fairly erect habit and free trashing make it suitable for green-harvest.
BJ6904 Parentage: B50210 Polycross
Common Name: "Cudjoe"
This variety has a rather trashy and leafy appearance and the older sheaths usually show a characteristic orange-red blotching (red-rot of the leaf sheath). The stalks have a whitish appearance. The leaves are affected by rust in the earlier growth stages.
Brief Botanical Description
This variety has a rather trashy and leafy appearance and the older sheaths usually show a characteristic orange-red blotching (red-rot of the leaf sheath). The stalks have a whitish appearance. The leaves are affected by rust in the earlier growth stages.
Brief Botanical Description
The stalks are semi-erect, curved outwards from the base. The basic stalk colour is yellowish-cream or light yellowish-green. It flushes light pink where exposed and is covered with a heavy wax deposit which gives the stalks a whitish appearance. Internodes are long, cylindrical/convex and slightly curved. Buds are small, round, and set in a slight depression in the stalk. The bud reaches only 2/3 the distance from leaf scar to growth ring. Wings are inconspicuous and the bud apex is indented. There is a slight bud groove. The leaves are light green, younger leaves are erect, drooping sharply at the tips; older leaves are held at a rather wider angle. More green leaves than average are retained on the stalks of this variety, the older leaves and tips of the younger leaves usually show numerous narrow, dark rust lesions. The collar is pale yellow-green and the auricles inconspicuous. The young sheaths are green, but soon become blotched with red-rot. There is a group of sharp stiff hairs in the middle of the sheath.
Agricultural Features
Germination is rapid and reliable and growth is rapid and vigorous. BJ6904 tillers freely and uniformly with few late suckers. The habit is semi-erect with stalks emerging at an angle and curving upwards from the base. Trash and leaves are retained, producing a heavy canopy of foliage. BJ6904 arrowed at some sites in the very wet year of 1979. It is a variety which has very good juice and its sugar yields were equal to or better than that of HJ5741 in trials at Frome and Duckenfield. It is moderately resistant to smut but somewhat susceptible to rust, however, it grows rapidly and vigorously despite the rust attack, symptoms being reduced as the cane ages.
Recommended for limited extension on better soils in the Frome, Appleton, Holland and Duckenfield factory areas. Should not be planted on thin, droughty or infertile soils as rust may limit growth on such soils.
Recommended for limited extension on better soils in the Frome, Appleton, Holland and Duckenfield factory areas. Should not be planted on thin, droughty or infertile soils as rust may limit growth on such soils.
BJ7013 Parentage: UCW5465 x B41227
Common Name: "Cockspur"
This variety is recognised by its rather large, very waxy, grey-green stalks, large pointed hairy buds and extremely hairy leaf sheaths.
Brief Botanical Description
Stalks are fairly erect, medium to thick, green with slight pink flushes or burned to yellow-green on older sections of stalks. There is a very heavy wax bloom giving the stalks an overall ashy grey-green appearance. Internodes are rather long, cylindrical to slightly conoidal, without cracks, cork patches or striations. There is a marked zig-zag joint profile. Growth ring, root band and leaf scar are rather broad, but not swollen. The buds are large, round, somewhat protuberant and pointed with a conspicuous apical brush of hairs, so that the bud has a long pointed appearance and extends from the leaf scar to well beyond the growth ring. Leaves are fairly erect, broad, long, arching and dark green. The collar is purple-brown and the auricle on the enfolding side long and very prominent. The sheath is pale green with some pink flushing towards the base and the upper 2/3 is covered with a dense mat of long and conspicuous hairs.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germination is reliable with good early growth, but because of the erect habit, ground cover is relatively slow. This variety was tested in the Frome area and on alluvial soils at Worthy Park with satisfactory results. Observations of its performance in nurseries on the irrigated plains show that it is a variety of promise. The juice quality is comparable to that of HJ5741. It is of intermediate resistance to smut and resistant to rust and other common leaf diseases, but has not been tested for mosaic.
Recommended for the Frome factory area and the Worthy Park and Bog Walk areas, and for limited extension in the irrigated areas. It is not to be used in fields coming out of heavily smut-affected HJ5741.
Recommended for the Frome factory area and the Worthy Park and Bog Walk areas, and for limited extension in the irrigated areas. It is not to be used in fields coming out of heavily smut-affected HJ5741.
BJ7015 Parentage: UCW5465 x B41227
Common Name: "Dragon"
BJ7015 is currently the most promising recent selection and is being multiplied for extensive planting. It resembles UCW5465 but the stalks are a paler purple-green and are also usually rather larger and somewhat less uniform than those of UCW5465. The large and prominent inner auricle (auricles are inconspicuous on UCW5465) is also a distinguishing feature.
Brief Botanical Description
BJ7015 is currently the most promising recent selection and is being multiplied for extensive planting. It resembles UCW5465 but the stalks are a paler purple-green and are also usually rather larger and somewhat less uniform than those of UCW5465. The large and prominent inner auricle (auricles are inconspicuous on UCW5465) is also a distinguishing feature.
Brief Botanical Description
Large medium-thick stalks, yellowish-cream in the area of the bud, elsewhere yellowish-green where unexposed, but quickly flushing pinkish brown when exposed. There is a distinct white wax band of about 0.5cm just below the leaf scar, and on older joints occasional small whitish patches or striations. Except at the wax band the wax covering on the internodes is light. Internodes are cylindrical to slightly curved and rather long and smooth. Buds are large, round/ovate and pointed with a tuft of apical hairs and fairly small wings. Buds extend from the leaf scar to the upper margin of the growth ring and there is a slight bud groove. Leaves are rather broader and longer than those of UCW5465. The collar is greenish-brown, wax covered, the sheaths green and usually flushing pink with exposure. Distinguished from other "red canes" by large pointed buds and prominent auricles.
Agricultural Features
Germination is not problematic, elongation is fairly rapid but tillering not as rapid and profuse as in UCW5465, but continues over a long period. Stalks emerge somewhat at an angle from the ground but this is not constant so that the stools have a rather untidy appearance. It is not free trashing as UCW5465. BJ7015appears to give high cane yields producing large heavy and dense stalks. Its juice quality is good, being equal to, or just slightly less than that of HJ5741. Arrowing mostly of the single oldest tiller in the stool - has been observed in 1979. BJ7015 appears adapted to a wide range of soil types. It is highly resistant to smut, rust and the common minor fungal leaf diseases (distinguished from BJ6811 which it also resembles by the susceptibility of that variety to rust and brown spot). It has not been tested for mosaic resistance.
Recommended for general use and planting throughout the year in Frome, Holland, Appleton, Hampden and Long Pond factory areas. Also is promising in Worthy Park and Bybrook areas, but is insufficiently tested in the irrigated area.
Recommended for general use and planting throughout the year in Frome, Holland, Appleton, Hampden and Long Pond factory areas. Also is promising in Worthy Park and Bybrook areas, but is insufficiently tested in the irrigated area.
BJ7028 Parentage: UCW5465 x NCO310
Common Name:
BJ7028 has no very conspicuous botanical features to make identification easy. It is erect, with medium to thick stalks which are olive-green in colour.
Brief Botanical Description
BJ7028 has no very conspicuous botanical features to make identification easy. It is erect, with medium to thick stalks which are olive-green in colour.
Brief Botanical Description
Young stalks are erect and olive-green in colour. The internodes are of medium length, cylindrical becoming very slightly zig-zag. Young internodes are generally olive-green becoming purplish-green at maturity. Internode cracks are present. There are no bud grooves. There is a heavy wax covering on internode with patches of black deposit from microbial growth. Root initials are prominent, cream coloured when young, becoming greenish-purple with age. Root band is of medium width and greenish-purple when mature. The growth ring is slightly raised and purplish-green in colour. Wax ring is quite distinct on internodes. The bud is round and is attached between leaf scar and growth ring. It is slightly protruded on older nodes. There is a distinct bud wing. Young buds are pale green in colour becoming purplish-green with age. The leaves are of medium length and width. The leaf sheath is greenish-purple with sheath hairs sparsely distributed. The auricle is quite distinct.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germination is quite reliable and rapid under good growing conditions. Tillering is rapid and profuse. It emerges from the ground very erect and provides early coverage. The early growth is very vigorous. The trash is loosely held, falling off at maturity. The juice quality and cane yields are good. It appears to ratoon well on medium to heavy non-saline soils. It is resistant to smut and mosaic.
Recommended for planting throughout the season on medium to heavy non-saline clays in the irrigated areas. It is also suitable for provisional extension in the Bog Walk area.
Recommended for planting throughout the season on medium to heavy non-saline clays in the irrigated areas. It is also suitable for provisional extension in the Bog Walk area.
BJ7028 Parentage: UCW5465 x NCO310
Common Name:
BJ7028 has no very conspicuous botanical features to make identification easy. It is erect, with medium to thick stalks which are olive-green in colour.
Brief Botanical Description
BJ7028 has no very conspicuous botanical features to make identification easy. It is erect, with medium to thick stalks which are olive-green in colour.
Brief Botanical Description
Young stalks are erect and olive-green in colour. The internodes are of medium length, cylindrical becoming very slightly zig-zag. Young internodes are generally olive-green becoming purplish-green at maturity. Internode cracks are present. There are no bud grooves. There is a heavy wax covering on internode with patches of black deposit from microbial growth. Root initials are prominent, cream coloured when young, becoming greenish-purple with age. Root band is of medium width and greenish-purple when mature. The growth ring is slightly raised and purplish-green in colour. Wax ring is quite distinct on internodes. The bud is round and is attached between leaf scar and growth ring. It is slightly protruded on older nodes. There is a distinct bud wing. Young buds are pale green in colour becoming purplish-green with age. The leaves are of medium length and width. The leaf sheath is greenish-purple with sheath hairs sparsely distributed. The auricle is quite distinct.
Agricultural Features
Agricultural Features
Germination is quite reliable and rapid under good growing conditions. Tillering is rapid and profuse. It emerges from the ground very erect and provides early coverage. The early growth is very vigorous. The trash is loosely held, falling off at maturity. The juice quality and cane yields are good. It appears to ratoon well on medium to heavy non-saline soils. It is resistant to smut and mosaic.
Recommended for planting throughout the season on medium to heavy non-saline clays in the irrigated areas. It is also suitable for provisional extension in the Bog Walk area.
Recommended for planting throughout the season on medium to heavy non-saline clays in the irrigated areas. It is also suitable for provisional extension in the Bog Walk area.